Study discovers methods to prevent lithium plating in EV batteries

author: FutureCar Staff    

A new study led by Dr. Xuekun Lu from Queen Mary University of London, in collaboration with researchers from the UK and USA, has discovered a method to prevent lithium plating in electric vehicle batteries. This breakthrough could potentially result in faster charging times for electric cars. The research findings were published in the journal Nature Communications.

Lithium plating is a phenomenon that can occur in lithium-ion batteries during rapid charging. Instead of intercalating into the battery's negative electrode, lithium ions accumulate on its surface, forming a layer of metallic lithium that continues to grow. This can cause damage to the battery, reduce its lifespan, and even lead to short-circuits, fires, and explosions.

Dr. Xuekun Lu explains that by optimizing the microstructure of the graphite negative electrode, lithium plating can be significantly mitigated. The graphite negative electrode consists of randomly distributed small particles, and fine-tuning the particle and electrode morphology is crucial to achieving a homogeneous reaction activity and reducing local lithium saturation. These factors play a key role in suppressing lithium plating and enhancing the battery's performance.

According to Dr. Lu, the research has revealed that the lithiation mechanisms of graphite particles vary depending on their surface morphology, size, shape, and orientation under different conditions. These factors greatly influence the distribution of lithium and the likelihood of lithium plating. By utilizing a pioneering 3D battery model, the researchers were able to identify when and where lithium plating occurs and how quickly it grows. This breakthrough discovery could have a significant impact on the future of electric vehicles.

The study provides valuable insights into developing advanced fast charging protocols by improving the understanding of the physical processes involved in lithium redistribution within graphite particles during rapid charging. This knowledge could lead to an efficient charging process while minimizing the risk of lithium plating.

In addition to faster charging times, the study also found that refining the microstructure of the graphite electrode can enhance the battery's energy density. This means that electric cars could potentially travel longer distances on a single charge.

These findings mark a major milestone in the development of electric vehicle batteries. They have the potential to revolutionize the industry by enabling faster-charging, longer-lasting, and safer electric cars, making them a more appealing choice for consumers.

FutureCar Staff